In
Windows Server 2016, Microsoft released Nano Server, a
new installation option. it has no local user interface, no 32-bit
application support, and only the most basic configuration controls. There is
no support for Remote Desktop to administer the system, you need use
remote PowerShell connection.
Advantage:
- Extremely small footprint
- Boot the fast, only few seconds
- Dramatically faster than Windows Server or Server Core
- Fewer updates
- Smaller attack surface
- Reduced shutdown time
- Fewer open ports
Management Tools：
- Powershell
- MMC
- Server Manager
- System Center
Install Nano Server
Put
the Windows Server 2016 system disk into the CD-ROM, or
use the virtual CD-ROM loading the system
ISO image. Under D:\NanoServer\NanoServerImageGenerator directory, Where D is your CD-ROM or virtual CD-ROM letter. Copy
three powershell script files to C:\Nano directory. (Note: This directory requires you to create, and the directory used to store the Nano Server VHD file.）
Run as administrator the Powershell and enter “Import-module C:\Nano\NanoServerImageGenerator.psm1”. ( The C:\Nano directory is just copy the
file directory, NanoServerImageGenerator. Psm1, is just copy one of the three
files.)
Note: If appears “Running
scripts is disabled on this system”error, use the "set-executionpolicy" to select the appropriate
Powershell script policy.
Run “New-NanoServerImage -Edition Datacenter -MediaPath D:\ -BasePath c:\nano -TargetPath c:\nano\NanoSvr.vhd -MaxSize
20GB -DeploymentType
Guest”
Edition：The version of the Nano
Server, Standard edition or Datacenter edition;
MediaPath： Specifies
the path to the root of the Windows Server 2016 installation disk or mounted
image.
BasePath：Specify a local path for storing files
generated during the creation of the Nano Server, such as Packagers, Nano
server.wim, etc
TargetPath：The full
path and file name of the Nano Serve disk, the file extension VHD is used for
the first generation virtual machine, and the VHDX is for the second generation
virtual machine. MaxSize：Virtual disk Max size
DeploymentType： Specifies whether the image file should be used on a Hyper-V virtual
machine (Guest) or a physical server (Host)
Note: In the process of creation, you need enter the "AdministratorPassword", which is the
Administrator password for your Nano Server, and the user is
"Administrator".
You can add
other parameters that come from defining your Nano Server, such as:
ComputerName： Specifies
the computer name that should be assigned to the Nano
Server
InterfaceNameOrIndex：The name or index number of the network
adapter
Ipv4Address：Address of IPv4
Ipv4SubnetMask： Subnet Mask of IPv4
Ipv4Gateway：Default Gateway of IPv4
Ipv4Dns：DNS of IPv4
Create
a virtual machine, select "Use an existing virtual
hard disk" on the Connect virtual hard disk page,
and select "Browse" to select the virtual disk of the Nano Server you
created earlier.
Open the
virtual machine, use the Administrator account and password login system; At
this point the Nano Server does not join the domain, so the following Domain
does not need to fill in, enter the user password, press Enter to enter the
system.
Configuration Nano Server
After
entering the system, we can carry out some simple configuration of the system,
such as;
Networking: Configuration Network
Inbound
Firewall Rules and Outbound Firewall Rules：Inbound and
outbound rules for firewalls
Up/Dn: Move the cursor up and down
ESC: return
to the previous page, here (home page) is canceled
F5: Refresh
Ctrl + F6: Restart
Ctrl +
F12: Shutdown
Enter: Select
Select
Networking to configure the network, then select the network adapter;
Here is the
network card that some information, such as MAC, IP, etc., can be configured
through F11 IPv4, F12 configuration IPv6;
The default
is through the DHCP to obtain the IP address, if you want to change to manual,
select F4
At this
point the status of DHCP into a Disable, in the following input IP, subnet and
default gateway, through the Enter to save;
save? Continue to press Enter;
Continue via
Enter or ESC to return to the Network Adapter Settings page
Select the
firewall rule
Select
the firewall rules you want to change
Change the
status of Enable by F4, Yes/No
Add the Nano Server to the domain
Run as
administrator on the domain
controller "djoin /provision /domain <You Domain Name> /machine Nanosvr1 /savefile <FileName>"
Open Active
Directory Users and Computer, select the OU you want to store the Nano Server,
right-click to select the new computer, enter the Nano Server computer name;
Access
“ \\Nano Server IP or Computer Name\C$”, and copy the files created through the Djoin command to the Nano
Server's C root directory
Note: To
access the share normally, you need to open the File and Printer Sharing rule
for the firewall
Open the
Powershell, use New-PSSession to create a new session, and then use
Enter-PSSession to enter the session;
Since the
DNS of my remote computer is not able to resolve the Nano Server, I am using IP
Address here；
Run “djoin /requestodj /loadfile <FileName> /Windowspath C:\Windows /Locals”. The FileName of the offline join domain file
Restart the
Nano Server, then you can use the Domain login, and you can view the Nano
Server has joined the domain;
At this
point you can manage the Nano Server through the Server Manager, and add the
Nano Server to the Server Manager
Once added,
right-click the Nano Server and select Windows Powershell
